Mughal Charbagh Garden

#GS-01 Architecture

Charbagh Garden Style

Charbagh is a Persian and Indo-Persian quadrilateral garden layout based on the four gardens which represent the four gardens of paradise in Quran.
Like the pairidaēza (paradise) in Islamic mythology the quadrilateral garden is divided by walkways or flowing water into four smaller parts.
These gardens can be found in countries all over Western Asia and South Asia, including Iran and India.
Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi, Akbar’s Gardens in Sikandra and Fatehpur Sikhri, the Lotus Garden of Babur at Dholpur and the Shalimar Bagh in Srinagar used geared Persian wheels called saqiya to feed the water-courses
The Char Bagh style is most evident in Humayun’s Tomb (Delhi) and Taj Mahal (Agra) in India.

Aram Bagh built by the Mughal Emperor Babur in 1528 is the oldest Mughal Garden in India.
The mausoleum I’timād-ud-Daulah, the father of Nur Jahan, located in Agra is another typical example of the Charbagh style.
The Humayun’s tomb built by Humayun’s first wife Empress Bega Begum in 1558 is the first garden-tomb in India.
The tomb was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993.
Gol Bagh in the town of Lahore was the largest recorded garden of the Indian subcontinent till 1947.

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