Nuclear Powerplants in India

#GS-03 Science and Technology

India and Nuclear Energy:

Nuclear power is the fifth-largest source of electricity in India after coal, gas, hydroelectricity and wind power.
Currently, India has 22 nuclear power reactors operating in 7 states, with an installed capacity of 6780 MegaWatt electric (MWe).
18 reactors are Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) and 4 are Light Water Reactors (LWRs).

Operational Nuclear Power Plants in India
Name Of Nuclear Power Station	Location	Operator	Capacity
Kakrapar Atomic Power Station – 1993	Gujarat	NPCIL	440
(Kalpakkam) Madras Atomic Power Station – 1984	Tamil Nadu	NPCIL	440
Narora Atomic Power Station- 1991	Uttar Pradesh	NPCIL	440
Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant -2000	Karnataka	NPCIL	880
Rajasthan Atomic Power Station – 1973	Rajasthan	NPCIL	1,180
Tarapur Atomic Power Station – 1969	Maharashtra	NPCIL	1,400
Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant – 2013	Tamil Nadu	NPCIL	2,000

The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited is an Indian public sector undertaking based in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
It is wholly owned by the Government of India and is responsible for the generation of electricity from nuclear power.
NPCIL is administered by the Department of Atomic Energy.

Rosatom, also known as Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation is a Russian state corporation headquartered in Moscow that specializes in nuclear energy.
Rosatom’s nuclear fuel division, TVEL Fuel Company, is the current supplier of TVS – 2 M fuel for the two VVER 1,000 MWe reactors generating power in the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project (KKNPP).
This fuel has an 18–month fuel cycle, meaning that the reactor has to be stopped for fresh fuel loading every one-and-a-half years.
TVEL has now offered the more modern Advanced Technology Fuel (ATF), whose fuel cycle is 24 months.
This will ensure more efficiency, additional power generation due to prolonged operation of the reactor and sizeable savings of the foreign exchange needed to buy fresh fuel assemblies from Russia.