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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
2 points
With reference to the borrowed features of the Indian Constitution, consider the following pairs:
1. United States of America: The idea of residual powers
2. British Constitution: Power of judicial review and independence of the judiciary
3. French Constitution: The idea of the rule of law
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Correct
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
• All the pairs are incorrectly matched. Hence, correct answer is A.
• The idea of residual powers was borrowed from the Canadian Constitution. A quasi-federal form of government (a federal system with a strong central government) thus adopted from Canadian Constitution.
• The power of judicial review and independence of the judiciary was borrowed from the Constitution of the United States of America.
• The idea of the rule of law was borrowed from the British Constitution. The principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity was borrowed from the French Constitution.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
• All the pairs are incorrectly matched. Hence, correct answer is A.
• The idea of residual powers was borrowed from the Canadian Constitution. A quasi-federal form of government (a federal system with a strong central government) thus adopted from Canadian Constitution.
• The power of judicial review and independence of the judiciary was borrowed from the Constitution of the United States of America.
• The idea of the rule of law was borrowed from the British Constitution. The principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity was borrowed from the French Constitution.
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2 points
Which of the following functions is/are performed by Constitution in a democracy?
1. It restricts the exercise of power by the state.
2. It empowers and as well as restricts the freedom of the people.
3. It represents a collective demand for political self-determination.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct
Correct Answer: D
Explanation
• Statement 1 is correct. The most important function of the constitution is to restrict the
exercise of power by the state. Modern states are excessively powerful. They have a monopoly
over force and coercion. If the power falls in the wrong hands, state can work against few sections
of the society.
• Statement 2 is correct. Constitutions work not only to limit people in power but to empower
those who traditionally have been deprived of it. Reasonable restrictions under Article 19 (2) to
19(6) restricts the freedom of the people.
• Statement 3 is correct. Nehru during the debates in constituent assembly emphasized on the
role of constitution to represent a collective demand for full self -determination
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D
Explanation
• Statement 1 is correct. The most important function of the constitution is to restrict the
exercise of power by the state. Modern states are excessively powerful. They have a monopoly
over force and coercion. If the power falls in the wrong hands, state can work against few sections
of the society.
• Statement 2 is correct. Constitutions work not only to limit people in power but to empower
those who traditionally have been deprived of it. Reasonable restrictions under Article 19 (2) to
19(6) restricts the freedom of the people.
• Statement 3 is correct. Nehru during the debates in constituent assembly emphasized on the
role of constitution to represent a collective demand for full self -determination
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements:
1. The first Constituent Assembly of undivided India was formed under scheme formulated by the Mountbettan Plan.
2. The Constituent Assembly was made a fully sovereign body through the Indian Independence Act of 1947.
3. The Constituent Assembly adopted the national song and national anthem.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The first Constituent Assembly for undivided India was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan.
• The Indian Independence Act of 1947 made the Constituent Assembly a fully sovereign body, which could frame any Constitution it pleased. The act empowered the Assembly to abrogate or alter any law made by the British Parliament in relation to India. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• Statement 3 is correct. In addition to the making of the Constitution and enacting of ordinary laws, the Constituent Assembly performed the following functions:
1. It ratified the India’s membership of the Commonwealth in May 1949.
2. It adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947.
3. It adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950.
4. It adopted the national song on January 24, 1950.
5. It elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950.
Incorrect
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The first Constituent Assembly for undivided India was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan.
• The Indian Independence Act of 1947 made the Constituent Assembly a fully sovereign body, which could frame any Constitution it pleased. The act empowered the Assembly to abrogate or alter any law made by the British Parliament in relation to India. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• Statement 3 is correct. In addition to the making of the Constitution and enacting of ordinary laws, the Constituent Assembly performed the following functions:
1. It ratified the India’s membership of the Commonwealth in May 1949.
2. It adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947.
3. It adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950.
4. It adopted the national song on January 24, 1950.
5. It elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950.
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
2 points
Consider the following features of the Constitution of India:
1. Fundamental Duties
2. Fundamental Rights
3. Power of judicial review
4. Directive Principles of State Policy
Which of the above features limits/limit the powers of the government?
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
● Fundamental Rights and Power of judicial review limit the power of the government. Hence, the correct answer is C.
● The Fundamental Rights prevent the establishment of an authoritarian and despotic rule in the country, and protect the liberties and freedoms of the people against the invasion by the State. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature.
● All laws that are inconsistent with or in derogation of any of the fundamental rights shall be void (Article 13). The power of judicial review has been conferred on the Supreme Court (Article 32) and the high courts (Article 226) that can declare a law unconstitutional and invalid on the ground of contravention of any of the Fundamental Rights.
● The Directive principles that are to be treated as fundamental in the governance of the state. However, they are not judicially enforceable.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
● Fundamental Rights and Power of judicial review limit the power of the government. Hence, the correct answer is C.
● The Fundamental Rights prevent the establishment of an authoritarian and despotic rule in the country, and protect the liberties and freedoms of the people against the invasion by the State. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature.
● All laws that are inconsistent with or in derogation of any of the fundamental rights shall be void (Article 13). The power of judicial review has been conferred on the Supreme Court (Article 32) and the high courts (Article 226) that can declare a law unconstitutional and invalid on the ground of contravention of any of the Fundamental Rights.
● The Directive principles that are to be treated as fundamental in the governance of the state. However, they are not judicially enforceable.
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
2 points
Which of the following is/are features of Parliamentary form of government?
1. The Head of the government is usually the leader of the majority party in legislature.
2. The Head of the government is accountable to the legislature.
3. The head of state is always a ceremonial executive.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Correct Answer: D
Explanation
• All the statements are correct. In Parliamentary form of government, the head of the government is usually known as Prime Minister. He is the leader of the majority party in Legislature.
• Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head to aid and advise the President, who shall exercise his/her functions in accordance to the advice. The real executive power is thus vested in the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head.
• The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
• In a Parliamentary form of government the head of the state may be Monarch in case Constitutional Monarchy and President in case of Parliamentary Republic. India has the later form of government.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D
Explanation
• All the statements are correct. In Parliamentary form of government, the head of the government is usually known as Prime Minister. He is the leader of the majority party in Legislature.
• Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head to aid and advise the President, who shall exercise his/her functions in accordance to the advice. The real executive power is thus vested in the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head.
• The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
• In a Parliamentary form of government the head of the state may be Monarch in case Constitutional Monarchy and President in case of Parliamentary Republic. India has the later form of government.
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
2 points
The Fundamental Rights are significant as they
1. frame necessary conditions for the material and moral development of citizen.
2. facilitate the participation of people in the administrative process.
3. check the sovereignty of the state.
4. they lay down the foundation stone of social equality and social justice.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Explanation
• The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection.
• The Fundamental Rights are so important that the Constitution itself ensures that they are not violated by the government.
• Statement 1 is correct. The Fundamental Rights provide the necessary conditions for the material and moral protection of man. The Fundamental Rights are named so because they are guaranteed and protected by the Constitution, which is the fundamental law of the land. They are ‘fundamental’ also in the sense that they are most essential for all-round development (material, intellectual, moral and spiritual) of the individuals.
• Statement 2 is correct. The Fundamental Rights facilitate the participation of people in the political and administrative process.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Fundamental Rights check the absoluteness of the authority of the government. It does not check the sovereignty of the state. In order to safeguard the sovereignty, unity, integrity and security of the country, the democratic political system and the Constitution,
there is an elaborate provision on curtailing the Fundamental Rights. For an example, imposition of national emergency.
• Statement 4 is correct. The Fundamental Rights lay down the foundation stone of social equality and social justice.
Incorrect
Explanation
• The word fundamental suggests that these rights are so important that the Constitution has separately listed them and made special provisions for their protection.
• The Fundamental Rights are so important that the Constitution itself ensures that they are not violated by the government.
• Statement 1 is correct. The Fundamental Rights provide the necessary conditions for the material and moral protection of man. The Fundamental Rights are named so because they are guaranteed and protected by the Constitution, which is the fundamental law of the land. They are ‘fundamental’ also in the sense that they are most essential for all-round development (material, intellectual, moral and spiritual) of the individuals.
• Statement 2 is correct. The Fundamental Rights facilitate the participation of people in the political and administrative process.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Fundamental Rights check the absoluteness of the authority of the government. It does not check the sovereignty of the state. In order to safeguard the sovereignty, unity, integrity and security of the country, the democratic political system and the Constitution,
there is an elaborate provision on curtailing the Fundamental Rights. For an example, imposition of national emergency.
• Statement 4 is correct. The Fundamental Rights lay down the foundation stone of social equality and social justice.
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
2 points
Consider the following questions:
1. Writ of prohibition can be issued against judicial as well as administrative authorities.
2. The writ ‘Mandamus’ cannot be issued when the duty is discretionary and not mandatory.
3. A Writ of Certiorari has much in common with a Writ of Prohibition.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The writ ‘Prohibition’ literally, it means ‘to forbid’. It is issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal to prevent the latter from exceeding its jurisdiction or usurping a jurisdiction that it does not possess. Thus, unlike mandamus that directs activity, the prohibition directs inactivity.
• The writ of prohibition can be issued only against judicial and quasi-judicial authorities. It is not available against administrative authorities, legislative bodies, and private individuals or bodies.
• Statement 2 is correct. It literally means ‘we command’. It is a command issued by the court to a public official asking him to perform his official duties that he has failed or refused to perform. It can also be issued against any public body, a corporation, an inferior court, a tribunal or government for the same purpose.
• The writ of mandamus cannot be issued (a) against a private individual or body; (b) to enforce departmental instruction that does not possess statutory force; (c) when the duty is discretionary and not mandatory; (d) to enforce a contractual obligation; (e) against the president of India or the state governors; and (f) against the chief justice of a high court acting in judicial capacity.
• Statement 3 is correct. A Writ of Certiorari has much in common with a Writ of Prohibition. The only difference between the two is, whereas a writ of prohibition is issued to prevent an inferior court or tribunal to go ahead with the trial of a case in which it has assumed excess of jurisdiction, a writ of certiorari is issued to quash the order passed by an inferior court or tribunal in excess of jurisdiction.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The writ ‘Prohibition’ literally, it means ‘to forbid’. It is issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal to prevent the latter from exceeding its jurisdiction or usurping a jurisdiction that it does not possess. Thus, unlike mandamus that directs activity, the prohibition directs inactivity.
• The writ of prohibition can be issued only against judicial and quasi-judicial authorities. It is not available against administrative authorities, legislative bodies, and private individuals or bodies.
• Statement 2 is correct. It literally means ‘we command’. It is a command issued by the court to a public official asking him to perform his official duties that he has failed or refused to perform. It can also be issued against any public body, a corporation, an inferior court, a tribunal or government for the same purpose.
• The writ of mandamus cannot be issued (a) against a private individual or body; (b) to enforce departmental instruction that does not possess statutory force; (c) when the duty is discretionary and not mandatory; (d) to enforce a contractual obligation; (e) against the president of India or the state governors; and (f) against the chief justice of a high court acting in judicial capacity.
• Statement 3 is correct. A Writ of Certiorari has much in common with a Writ of Prohibition. The only difference between the two is, whereas a writ of prohibition is issued to prevent an inferior court or tribunal to go ahead with the trial of a case in which it has assumed excess of jurisdiction, a writ of certiorari is issued to quash the order passed by an inferior court or tribunal in excess of jurisdiction.
Question 8 of 10
8. Question
2 points
Which of the following terms is/are embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India as
its objectives?
1. Equality of status
2. Equality of growth
3. Equality of opportunity
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
• The Constitution of India commences with a Preamble. The Preamble is like an introduction or preface of a book. As an introduction, it is not a part of the contents but it explains the purposes and objectives with which the document has been written. So is the case with the ‘Preamble’ to the Indian Constitution. As such the ‘Preamble’ provides the guide lines of the Constitution.
• The objectives, which are laid down in the Preamble, are:
i. Description of Indian State as Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
ii. (Socialist, Secular added by 42nd Amendment, 1976).
iii. Provision to all the citizens of India i.e.,
a) Justice social, economic and political
b) Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship
c) Equality of status and opportunity
d) Fraternity assuring dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation. Thus, the Preamble mentions two types of equality i.e. equality of status and opportunity. The term ‘Equality of growth’ is not mentioned in the Preamble. Hence, the correct answer is (C).
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
• The Constitution of India commences with a Preamble. The Preamble is like an introduction or preface of a book. As an introduction, it is not a part of the contents but it explains the purposes and objectives with which the document has been written. So is the case with the ‘Preamble’ to the Indian Constitution. As such the ‘Preamble’ provides the guide lines of the Constitution.
• The objectives, which are laid down in the Preamble, are:
i. Description of Indian State as Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
ii. (Socialist, Secular added by 42nd Amendment, 1976).
iii. Provision to all the citizens of India i.e.,
a) Justice social, economic and political
b) Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship
c) Equality of status and opportunity
d) Fraternity assuring dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation. Thus, the Preamble mentions two types of equality i.e. equality of status and opportunity. The term ‘Equality of growth’ is not mentioned in the Preamble. Hence, the correct answer is (C).
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
2 points
In which of the following provisions of the Indian Constitution, the ideal of “Economic Equity” is implied?
1. Part IX and X of the Constitution
2. Fundamental Rights
3. Universal Adult Franchise
4. Directive Principles of State Policy
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct
Explanation
• Directive Principles of State Policy alone ensures that all should have the right to work; at living wages; income inequality should be minimized; women should get equal wages for equal work as men do etc. Hence, the correct answer is B.
• Part IX and X of the Constitution deal with the subject of local government and not with economic equity.
• Fundamental rights ensure opportunities for economic non-discrimination. For e.g. all should be eligible for public employment etc. It does not ensure economic equity/ Universal adult franchise ensures political equality and not economic equity.
Incorrect
Explanation
• Directive Principles of State Policy alone ensures that all should have the right to work; at living wages; income inequality should be minimized; women should get equal wages for equal work as men do etc. Hence, the correct answer is B.
• Part IX and X of the Constitution deal with the subject of local government and not with economic equity.
• Fundamental rights ensure opportunities for economic non-discrimination. For e.g. all should be eligible for public employment etc. It does not ensure economic equity/ Universal adult franchise ensures political equality and not economic equity.
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
2 points
Which one of the following is the best description of the term ‘Constitution’?
a) A set of established principles and conventions that defines the relationship of the three main organs of the state.
b) A constitution is some sets of written or unwritten documents containing the powers and functions of the different organs of the state.
c) A document that establishes main organs of the state, defines their powers and relationship with each other and with the people.
d) A constitution is a body of fundamental principles according to which a state is constituted but not governed.
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
• The term ‘constitution’ can be defined as a set of rules which establishes the main organs of the state i.e. the legislature, the executive and the judiciary, defines their powers, demarcates their responsibilities and regulates their relationship with each other and with the people. Thus, the option (c) the best description of the term ‘Constitution’.
• The other three options do not talk about the relationship of the citizens with the state.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
• The term ‘constitution’ can be defined as a set of rules which establishes the main organs of the state i.e. the legislature, the executive and the judiciary, defines their powers, demarcates their responsibilities and regulates their relationship with each other and with the people. Thus, the option (c) the best description of the term ‘Constitution’.
• The other three options do not talk about the relationship of the citizens with the state.