Towards stabilisation of U.S.-China ties
Context:
Amidst ongoing global tensions, the engagement between the United States and China is significant for world peace. Both formidable powers seem to be moving toward a potential presidential summit during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in San Francisco.
Relevance:
GS-02 (International relations, Superpowers)
Prelims:
- APEC
Mains Question:
Discuss the importance of the evolving dialogue between the United States and China and its potential implications on global geopolitical dynamics. (250 words)
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
- It was established in the year 1989.
- It consists of a total of 21 members of which India is NOT a member.
- Member Nations: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, Vietnam and the United States.
- India had requested membership in APEC, but it was denied as India does not border the Pacific Ocean, which all current members do. However, India was invited to be an observer for the first time in November 2011.
Dimensions of the Article:
- The American Position
- China’s Stance
The American Position:
- U.S. National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan emphasizes the significance of frequent high-level interactions between the U.S. and China to avoid misunderstandings, miscommunications, and potential crises.
- While America enjoys a robust economy and has revived traditional alliances in Europe, it maintains a tough stance towards Beijing. The Biden administration sustains Trump-era tariffs and export restrictions aimed at curtailing Chinese technological advancement. Despite efforts to establish guardrails to prevent relationship derailment, China remains unconvinced.
- The U.S. has tightened export controls and confronted China on South China Sea disputes and investment restrictions, underscoring a stance that combines competition with cautious engagement.
China’s Stance:
- China perceives the U.S. as a declining military power and aims to maintain a façade of cooperation. Seeking recognition for its economic and political system dominated by the Chinese Communist Party, China also endeavors to establish regional dominance in the western Pacific.
- However, its intentions clash with U.S.-backed countries like Japan, the Philippines, and Vietnam, leading to discord. The issue of Taiwan further complicates this situation, rooted in U.S. global politics to prevent the rise of a hegemonic power.
Way Forward:
- The U.S.-China relationship holds significance in addressing global issues like climate change and regional crises.
- The potential Biden-Xi summit holds promise for improving the relationship, although the competitive nature might persist.
- It is crucial for both countries to develop a pragmatic approach while maintaining a competitive edge.
- It is also crucial for global stability and cooperation.
- Both nations must seek a balance between competition and pragmatic collaboration, considering the implications their relationship holds for global geopolitics.
